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2012-10-20 22:34:10

Prehistoric Park

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YEAR: 2006 | LENGTH: 6 parts (50 minutes each) | SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA

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Prehistoric Park is a six-episode Docu-fiction television mini-series that premiered on ITV on 22 July 2006 and on Animal Planet on 29 October 2006. The program was produced by Impossible Pictures, who also createdWalking with Dinosaurs.

The program is narrated by David Jason and presented by Nigel Marven. The fictional component is the theme that Nigel goes back to various geological time periods through a time portal, and brings back live specimens of extinct animals back to the present day, where they are exhibited in awildlife park named Prehistoric Park, which is a big area between high steep mountains and ocean, with varied environments.

The story, which is told in the style of a documentary, focuses on naturalist Nigel Marven leading missions to find and collect extinct animals from the distant past by use of a time machine. The animals are then placed in the confines of Prehistoric Park, a private wildlife park that is situated in a dry, mountainous region of an unspecified part of the world. Marven’s core motivation in the series is to defy extinction and to give select extinct species a second chance at life.

episodes:

01. T. Rex Returns

The episode starts with the crew erecting the prehistoric animal enclosures. Nigel immediately knows which animal he wants to bring back first: the huge dinosaur Tyrannosaurus.Nigel goes through the time portal, aiming to bring back a Tyrannosaurus. He finds a flock of Ornithomimus and tries to catch one by putting a sock over its head to quieten it, but must let it go when three Tyrannosaurus arrive. Nigel is pursued by the Tyrannosaurus, but they give up when he heads into the deeper forest where they cannot pursue as they are so top-heavy, tripping could kill them.

He tracks the Tyrannosaurus to the middle of their territory. He finds some Tyrannosaurus eggs, hoping to bring some back for hatching, but they are broken and empty, either hatched or eaten. As he returns to camp, in the sky are meteors running ahead of the asteroid which will wipe out the dinosaurs.

The next day he finds a herd of Triceratops. The pride of Tyrannosaurus attack the Triceratops herd. A femaleTyrannosaurus is gored in the thigh during the attack. The male Tyrannosaurus back off, leaving the woundedTyrannosaurus to catch her prey alone. It goes after a 3-ton young male Triceratops, Nigel opens the time portal and leads the Triceratops through it by waving his jacket at it matador-fashion. It follows him through but the Tyrannosaurus does not follow. The Triceratops is named Theo and becomes the park’s first exhibit. Theo starts persistently charging the same tree, and his neck frill changes color. Susanne thinks that it is rutting. This gives Bob an idea.

Nigel heads back through the time portal and finds a Tyrannosaurus track in volcanic ash, and sees by the dragged toes that it is the female with the gored thigh. Nigel sees that the Tyrannosaurus is walking alongside a river following a driftingTriceratops carcass. The carcass gets stuck in rocks in the riverbed. She cannot reach it and carries on downriver. Nigel and others build a crude stockade wall alongside the river out of local fallen timber, trying to funnel her through the time portal. A flock of Ornithomimus appear and run ahead, and the Tyrannosaurus chases them through the time portal into the park. TheTyrannosaurus catches a straggler, a young Ornithomimus near Nigel and turns back. Instead of eating it there, she carries it towards the volcano despite her injured thigh. Nigel follows.

Back at the park, Bob puts the Ornithomimus into their new paddock and gets back to his plan for Theo.

Meanwhile, Nigel continues to follow the wounded Tyrannosaurus until he finds that she has two babies. Nigel plans to bring the Tyrannosaurus mother and her babies back to the park with him, but a male Tyrannosaurus attacks the female for her kill. In the ensuing battle, the male Tyrannosaurus smashes the female’s head against a rock formation, an injury that results in the mother’s death.

At this point, a 6-mile-wide asteroid enters the Earth’s atmosphere at 20,000 mph (32,000 km/h) and hits the Gulf of Mexico. The explosion is 7 billion times more powerful than the Hiroshima bomb, and its blast column can be seen in Montana. It leaves Nigel with three minutes while the blast front travels from Chicxulub to Montana at 200 times the speed of sound (c 245,000 km/h) and reaches him. Under a sky full of bright meteors, he uses the only meat that he has (what appears to be a ham sandwich) to entice the two young Tyrannosaurus through the time portal with a second to spare; a bit of the impact blast chases him through the Time Portal. In the park, they are put in an observation pen and named Terence and Matilda.

The head keeper copes with Theo’s rutting by making a “rival” for Theo by using old tires and oddments attached to a tractor to build a crude mock Triceratops head and neck on the front of a tractor, providing something for Theo to take his aggression out on. Later, Terence and Matilda are moved to their new enclosure. The Park takes into account that keeping the pair under control is going to be a major challenge.

02. A Mammoth Undertaking

In the park, the dinosaurs are settling in. The Tyrannosaurus are being fed. Nigel goes to visit a herd of African elephants in the park: there are at least four including a young calf. He now wants to rescue a mammoth from extinction.He goes through the Time Portal to 10,000 BC northwest Siberia just east of the Ural Mountains where the last mammoths lived. It is early spring but the land is still under snow. He drives a snowmobile over a frozen lake. He sees nothing but densetaiga forest and rocky mountains: as the land became warmer as the Ice Age ended, trees replaced tundra grass and Mammuthus lost their grazing; they cannot eat pine needles. This reduced their numbers, then prehistoric Cro-Magnon humans finished them off by hunting them for food.He explores a nearby cave and comes face to face with a muscular male cave bear; he had disturbed its hibernation. He had thought that the cave bear would already be extinct by this point. It chases Nigel and the cameraman away. Without the equipment to transport it safely, Nigel cannot save it, so he decides to get back to saving a mammoth.

Nigel goes up a rocky slope to scout the area. He sees what a gap in the trees: it may be open land, and perhaps there are mammoths there. He decides to check.

He finds two adolescent female mammoths. The older mammoth is dead in a pit. The younger mammoth makes rumblings in her stomach, trying to communicate with her dead companion. She looks ill. She staggers and falls to the ground. She is so weak that she can barely lift her trunk. She is staying with the fallen mammoth; they may be sisters. Nigel sees a spear wound in her left shoulder. He brings in his team to help.

In the park, the Ornithomimus are not eating the grass, nor the beetles living there. Bob realises that they have duck-like mouths: rough like sandpaper. He decides to put them into an enclosure with a pond. The Ornithomimus thrive in their new home.

Nigel needs to get the mammoth strong enough to walk through the Time Portal. He gives her an antibiotic injection. Evening comes and the palaeolithic hunters are back. The Park men put up a line of big burning torches stuck in the ground. The men plan to guard in turns, but Nigel decides to sit up with the Mammuthus all night, to keep her company. Wolves prowl about at a distance all night.

Morning comes and the mammoth is strong enough to stand. It shows no aggression, and stays with her dead sister, but the team must get her back to the park. They set up the Time Portal. Nigel leads the mammoth back to the present and cals on awalkie-talkie for urgent medical help.

In the park, Susanne gives sedative and antibiotic to the mammoth, treats the wound, and after some pulling extracts a stone spearhead from it. She is on the road to recovery. They name her Martha.

Martha is healthy, but is not eating, and needs to eat for strength to recover. They put Martha in an enclosure labeled “Mammoth Mount”. Suzanne looks at an African elephant molar and a mammoth molar, and sees that they are designed to chew about the same sorts of food. Maybe Martha is not eating because she needs a specific diet.

To solve the mystery, Nigel goes through the Time Portal to the same place in Siberia 150,000 years ago at the peak of theice age. Mammoths range across from Europe to northeast Asia. He finds a large herd of adult female mammoths. The land is cold but dry and has many kinds of grass and no trees. Each herd follows a matriarch, who is 50 or 60 years old. He collects a large sample of grass and mosses to bring back and analyse. A male mammoth on musth comes, looking for females ready to mate. All the mammoths are thriving on the grassland diet.

He sees a sub-adult male Elasmotherium by the snowmobile. It is downwind from him. but there is a risk of it seeing him, and if it sees anything unexpected it may charge. Nigel is between the Elasmotherium and the musth male mammoth. He drops the bag of vegetation and runs to the snowmobile and drives to a safe distance. Nigel decides to bring theElasmotherium back, riskily using himself as bait, as Elasmotherium will soon be extinct due to climate change. Nigel runs to the sample bag. The Elasmotherium charges at him. Nigel picks the bag up and runs. The Elasmotherium chases him through the Time Portal into the entrance stockade in the park.

Back at the Park, Nigel offers Martha the Ice Age grass, but Martha still refuses to eat. Whilst he admits it isanthropomorphic to say so, Nigel thinks that she looks lonely; in the wild female mammoths are always in groups.

The Elasmotherium, which is accustomed to being alone, is settling in but Martha is accustomed to being with relatives. There is a council, to decide on putting Martha with the elephants. It is risky: elephant matriarchs have been known to kill new elephants that tried to push into an established herd but they decide to try it.

At Mammoth Mount, the elephants come up to Martha’s enclosure. Martha and the elephants’ matriarch approach each other, curious, and non-aggressively. Nigel calls to open the gate. Martha follows the elephant matriarch. Martha is now eating well.

03. Dinobirds

This is a rescue mission just before the site area’s dinosaurs were wiped out by a volcano. It is aimed at getting specimens of Microraptor, which is threatened by volcanoes and with being out-competed by the coming birds. (Note that unlike the other dinosaurs in the episode, Microraptor was not present in the Lujiatun Beds of the Yixian Formation, and did not live along side Mei and Incisivosaurus. In reality, it lived several million years later, and hails from the Jiufotang Formation, 120-110 million years ago).In the park, there are now more than 24 animals. The two juvenile Tyrannosaurus often threaten each other. There is a heat wave and Martha themammoth with her small ears and long hair and blubber is affected by the heat, as she had been brought from an Ice Age winter.

Nigel and four other people go on foot through the time portal to the site. A large threatening volcano stands over the area. There are hot springs, and a risk of natural carbon dioxide seepage. There is a small earthquake. They get away onto higher ground.

They come to an apparently non-volcanic lake. Pterosaurs fly in and fly with their lower jaws skimming in the surface of the lake for fish. When they get back to camp they find that something had raided their camp and torn much of their equipment apart looking for the meat that was part of their rations. This loss of food supplies causes a crisis. As they walk through a forest, something follows them through the fern undergrowth, then goes away.

In the park, Martha the Mammuthus is led to stand between two jeeps, and several members of the team stand on one of them to clip her hair short to avoid the overheating. During this Martha sneezes over everybody and the camera.

On site, four Mei long attack one of the party, who gets them off him by jettisoning his pack, which contains the meat which they were after. Due to the nature of the attack, it is implied that the Mei long were responsible for the destruction and raid of the camp. Nigel finds an Incisivosaurus. It displays at him and then charges, and bumps the camera with its nose, leaving spit and snot on its lens. It has short quill feathers on its arms, too short for flight, and also quill feathers on the sides of the ends of its tail. It was thought that dinosaur feathers first arose for insulation for warmth, then the quill feathers arose for displaying and later got big enough for gliding.

In the park, Bob is looking at the Ornithomimus from a hide and sees that one of the Ornithomimus starts to go off by itself looking in undergrowth, and there are fears about its health.

On site, Nigel using binoculars sees some Microraptors going in the same direction, and follows them. This brings him to a herd of titanosaurspushing through the dense forest making a trampled track as if a convoy of trucks had gone that way. That is not a usual habitat for titanosaurs, and it turns out that they are looking for somewhere to lay eggs safely hidden from egg-eaters. 12 Microraptors come: they were after insects disturbed by the titanosaurs pushing through vegetation and tearing up the ground and treading on insect-ridden rotten logs. Nigel tries to catch someMicroraptors, but they are all too quick for him.

Nigel makes an enclosure of net, with inside it a hollow baited with insects, as Microraptors can only glide and cannot take off from flat ground. TheMicroraptors see the insects but mistrust the net. Out of nowhere, two male Incisivosaurus, one chasing the other, run into the net and flatten it and get away. Then the Microraptors land and eat the insects. Nigel runs at them but catches nothing. The men go back through the time portal to the park.

In the park the one Ornithomimus has started lying about in the shade. Nigel has seen this behavior in birds, and guesses that the Ornithomimus isbroody.

Nigel and at least four others go back through the time portal to the site. Nigel now has a net gun (which he has tested on Bob), and a carbon dioxidedetector. Each man has a gasmask in his pack, as volcanic ash in the air damages the lungs. In a forest Nigel comes across a pair of Incisivosauruswho seem to be courting, by calling and displaying at each other close up.

In the park, the Ornithomimus is taken into the vet’s examination room. A bag is put over its head, to quieten it. Medical ultrasound shows that it has two fully developed functioning oviducts, each containing an egg. (Modern birds only have a left oviduct.)

The two Tyrannosaurus are threatening each other.

On site Nigel sees that the titanosaur trail goes downhill towards the volcano, but he must follow it. They find several Mei long which had gone to sleep in a flat-bottomed hollow. Nigel plans to avoid the hollow to avoid waking them, but something seems wrong. He claps a few times, but nothing happens. He pokes one with a stick, but it does not wake. He realizes that the Mei longs are dead from gassing by carbon dioxide of volcanic origin. He looks at his carbon dioxide detector, which gives a reading. He calls out ”carbon dioxide!” and tells everybody to go to higher ground.

In the park the two Tyrannosaurus start to fight. They are separated by water blast from a watercannon mounted on a large water tanker truck and put in separate small pens while a partition is built dividing their enclosure. Both growl and roar in frustration.

On site, Nigel and his party finds the titanosaurs laying eggs in ground warmed by underground volcanic heat, a good place for incubation. He picks up one of the eggs and puts it back in the nest. Unlike with a hen’s egg, it must always be the same way up, to avoid damage to the embryo. He reflects that the hatchling would grow to 30,000 times the weight to become adult. The Microraptors arrive, and with his netgun Nigel catches 4 of them. The strongest quake yet happens, and the top of the volcano explodes violently with an ash cloud. This spooks the titanosaurs, which stampede. Some titanosaurs are coming straight at Nigel, who curls up on the ground wrapped around the Microraptors until they pass. He is uninjured but one of the Microraptor has a simple broken left forearm bone. The volcano erupts, blasting out a huge ash cloud. The dinosaurs stampede. Nigel and his team put their gas masks on and quickly set up the time portal in the falling volcanic ash. It comes active just in time, and nine titanosaurs come through it, surprising the men in the park, who have to find somewhere to put them; Bob says “I don’t believe it.” seeing them come through the time portal.

In the park the broody Ornithomimus starts to lay eggs: it has laid six eggs (one pair per day) in a part circle when the episode ends. The injuredMicroraptor’s arm is splinted under anaesthetic; one of the staff refers to it as “she”. Bob erects a new fence which he believes will keep the Titanosaurs contained: however, the dinosaurs beg to differ…

04. Saving the Sabretooth

Nigel is shown walking with a tame cheetah. He comments that specialization has threatened the cheetah, and later that it may have wiped out theSmilodon. In the park the titanosaurs break their fence and have to be let wander around the park. They go towards the park’s main gates. Bob follows one in a tractor. During this he shouts at a titanosaur ”Get back, you great lummox.” To his disgust it discharges runny smelly faeces in front of him: its gut clearly does not like some of the modern vegetation. At the same time, Nigel radios to Bob that he will need a birdcage for a bird standing 10 feet high, but due to tractor engine noise and titanosaur noise, Bob only hears part of the message, and provides an ordinary parakeet-sized birdcage. Nigel explains to Bob what is needed.Nigel goes through the time portal to South America 1 million years ago when the sabre-tooth species known as Smilodon were in their prime (having recently entered South America after the Panama land bridge formed), but the terror birds (Phorusrhachids) were dying out; before that South America had been cut off from the other continents for 30 million years. He drives through a moving herd of Toxodon; he follows them to find where they were going, and he sees that they were going to water to swim or wallow in: he sees that they lived like modern hippopotamus, and thus may be dangerous like hippos. A huge male Toxodon chases Nigel’s jeep, and he has to drive fast and far before it gives up the chase.

In the park the female Ornithomimus had laid more eggs. Two of them have rolled out of the nest and she leaves them there, so Susanne must rescue them for artificial incubation, as all those eggs are precious. Susanne stalks up to them and picks them up; the Ornithomimus does not chase, but demonstrates, causing a flurry among some white egrets. Bob puts the 2 eggs in an incubator at 33 °C, as this is best temperature forcrocodile and ostrich eggs.

On site Nigel sees a female Smilodon stalk a Toxodon and then after a short chase, jump on its head and bite its throat to kill it. More Smilodoncome, including some 6 to 8 week old cubs. While waiting Nigel has a coffee and the Smilodon eat their fill and go away. A Phorusrhacos starts to eat from the carcass. Another Smilodon appears and chases it away, forcing it to drop a lump of meat which it had pulled off. That sort of pressure is why the Phorusrhacos were dying out. Nigel stalks up to that dropped piece of meat and picks it up. The Smilodon on the kill demonstrates at him but does not charge at him. Nigel tows the piece of meat behind his jeep and entices the Phorusrhacos to chase it through the time portal into the park.

In the park the eggs incubated by the Ornithomimus hatch and the resulting young run about (the first baby dinosaurs for 65 million years), but the two eggs in the incubator do not hatch. The young Ornithomimus are covered in downy feathers.

Accompanied by big cat expert Saba Douglas-Hamilton, Nigel goes through the time portal to South America in 10,000BC when the sabertooth species were dying out. They find a drier climate and no big game. Nigel and Saba separate, on foot. Saba hears animals’ alarm cries, but Nigel finds nothing.

Saba finds a deposit of fresh Smilodon faeces. She pulls it apart with a knife and fork and finds that it is full of hair and bone and bits of animal hide, as if hunger had forced the Smilodon to scavenge old remains of carcasses.

Nigel hears vegetation noise from an animal near him. He finds, catches and releases an ordinary modern-type armadillo and remarks that a million years earlier there were giant armadillos about.

Saba later finds something in the grass; sadly, it is a dead Smilodon cub. Nigel cannot find any signs of ill health and realises that the cub must have died from starvation. This has at least given them a hint. A female Smilodon cannot be far away. However, she must be in very poor condition.

Nigel has a videocamera with a movement detector: he leaves it overnight watching over a trail. In the morning he plays it back and finds that a male Smilodon had investigated it and knocked it over, urinated on it and left a musky mammal smell.

Saba watches the female Smilodon hunting. It sees her and confronts her. She backs off. Nigel meets Saba. Due to lack of prey the femaleSmilodon is hunting unsuitably light fast prey, a deer: when she charges, the deer runs away easily. Later they see her suckling a live cub, but she is making little or no milk for it. A male Smilodon turns up: there is risk that it will kill the cub to bring its mother into oestrus sooner. In the jeep they anaesthetic-dart the male Smilodon and start to wait 10 minutes while the dart drug works. The Smilodon charges out of bushes and jumps on the front of the jeep; they back off.

In the park the men have finished building a partition across the Tyrannosaurus enclosure, and put a Tyrannosaurus on each side. Matilda keeps threatening Terence but now cannot reach him.

On site, they find the male Smilodon and load it up on the back of the jeep. Then they go for the female, planning to anaesthetic-dart her and load her and her cub. When they reach her, the cub has starved to death. The female Smilodon is badly underweight from trying to lactate on too little food, and is dying as well, so Saba anaesthetic darts the female Smilodon. A little while later, Nigel and Saba load the female into the jeep, but both are upset that the cub could not be saved.

The two Ornithomimus eggs in the incubator hatch, late but successfully: Bob guesses that the incubator’s temperature had been set a little too low. The two resulting hatchlings see Bob and imprint on him, thinking that he is their mother and follow him about. They eat food pellets out of his hand.

With good food and no need to lactate, the two Smilodon and the Phorusrhacos recover from their hunger over the next fortnight. However, tensions remain high, as Matilda’s increasingly aggressive behaviour could spell danger for the Park.

05. The Bug House

In the park, Bob puts the two imprinted baby Ornithomimus in an enclosure with the other baby Ornithomimus and tells them to stay there, one nips his leg. The Smilodon are in adjacent enclosures. The male wants the female, but the more mature female is not interested, either ignoring him or acting aggressively towards him.Nigel goes to modern Arran (in a large RIB[disambiguation needed] with an A-frame and a steering wheel), and sees a fossil Arthropleura track in rock. He talks about what Arran was 300,000,000 years ago.

He goes back to the park to serious trouble among the Tyrannosaurus: Matilda has broken into Terence’s enclosure: Terence has refused to allow his sister to intrude on his territory and a fight has broken out, in which Matilda is gaining the upper hand, soon knocking him down. Terence has been badly wounded on the face and is losing blood. Bob has drug-darted Matilda, but these drugs take time to act on reptiles. When Terence is badly injured by his sister, Nigel arrives in a roofed jeep and encourages her to chase his jeep. When he comes to dense woodland, he can drive no further and climbs a tree. Matilda pulls the cloth cover off the top of the jeep, and then collapses due to the tranquilliser.

The injured Terence is in good hands, so Nigel, with assistants, drives in the jeep through the time portal to Upper Carboniferous Arran, where the land is covered with coal forest. He had aimed at an island of dry land, but drives out of the Time Portal’s field into a swamp over his jeep’s axles. The jeep’s engine gets wet and stops and will not start. The forest is very quiet, as there is no bird song or tree-frog noise, only wind and insects. AMeganeura flies over.

In the park, Terence is in the animal clinic, anaesthetized, and Susanne is operating on the wounds. She prefers absorbable sutures to surgical clips, since Terence would need to be anaesthetised again for the clips to be removed. She sews the wounds with the skin edges sticking out a bit, as is sometimes done when operating on reptiles.

On site, Upper Carboniferous air is 35% oxygen, not 20% as now, and that is why the insects are so big. Nigel climbs a 150-foot-tall tree (Sigillariaor Lepidodendron or similar): it has no branches until near its top, and he must use a loop of strap around himself and the tree, to climb. He reaches its top and sees a wide view, and patches of open water: the place to look for Meganeura. A Meganeura flies over.

In the park, an enclosed building to contain a 35% nitrox atmosphere for the coal forest wildlife is being built, with airlock doors. A titanosaur goes past, knocks a partly built wall down with its head, looks at the rubble, then goes away. Bob says that the titanosaurs cannot seem to settle in one area. Bob offers the titanosaur a cycad leaf, but it does not eat.

On site, Nigel wades through a swamp. Something big moves about underwater and makes bubbles. Nigel hears something big moving about in undergrowth on land, and chases it, and finds an Arthropleura. It rears and confronts him. It is 10 feet long and has big dangerous-lookingmandibles. Some modern millipedes (see Harpaphe haydeniana) can squirt cyanide, which smells of almonds, and Nigel fears that Arthropleuramay also.

In the park, Susanne has put climbing poles in the Smilodon enclosures: this is environmental enrichment, which will hopefully make them happier so she will be more accepting of the male.

Bob suspects that the titanosaurs are looking for stomach stones, and collects stones for them.

On site, the Arthropleura has gone, leaving a track. Nigel says that that may be the same track that he saw fossilized on modern Arran. He sees two male Meganeura have a dogfight. Afterwards, one flies away and the other looks for food. Nigel has a butterfly net, but a butterfly net big enough to catch a Meganeura is cumbersome. As Nigel makes a move to catch a Meganeura, something in the water bites his right ankle. He says “Animal bites for us wildlife folks are just a badge of courage.” They look for a dry area to camp. Evening is coming. The crew camp for the night. They have head lights strapped to their heads. Nigel warns them never to walk without boots on in case of stinging animals. Someone by force of habit putsmosquito net up, and Nigel tells him to take it down, as mosquitoes have not evolved yet. Nigel sleeps under a waterproof sheet in a hammock slung between two giant lycopsid trees in the coal forest. There is a thunderstorm in the night.

In the park, Bob brings a wheelbarrow full of the stones to some titanosaurs; one of them investigates it.

In an observation enclosure, Terence is lethargic, and blood tests show Susanne that Terence has septicaemia, and she reluctantly gives himantibiotic (not knowing how the drugs will react with a prehistoric reptile). While it is risky giving antibiotics to an unknown species, Suzanne knows if she does not, the infection of his injuries will probably kill Terence.

On site, the thunderstorm stops, and it is still night, and animals tend to become active after rain. Nigel goes about with a large ultraviolet light. He finds a Pulmonoscorpius nearly a meter long, by its shell fluorescing. He films it, but his camera work is shaky and he would need the team’s cameraman to take good footage. The Pulmonoscorpius then begins crawling onto Jim’s bed, and looks as if it may sting him when he twitches in his sleep. Nigel grabs it by the tail end, and it nips him with its pincers. He lets it go away from the camp. This wakes Jim, and Nigel explains to Jim what happened.

In the park Sabrina, the female Smilodon, seems happier, and as if she will accept the male. Susanne wonders whether to raise the door between their enclosures.

On site, Nigel tries to catch a Meganeura by a technique known for catching modern dragonflies, by filling a long two-handed hand-pumped water-gun with detergent solution to squirt on a Meganeura so that it will fall in the water and become wet, so it can be caught easily. The Meganeura are very fast and agile, but after many failed attempts, he hits one perched on a floating log. Nigel gets his net and catches the Meganeura. In the water he sees a big amphibian. He passes the net with the Meganeura in to a companion and swims underwater (without a diving mask) and catches the amphibian after a struggle, as it is very strong and slippery. He shows that it is an underwater ambush predator. It has two rows of teeth in its upper jaw and one in its lower jaw. He sees that it is a Crassigyrinus, whose fossils have only been found in Scotland; he nicknames it a “swamp monster” as it has no common name. That is what bit his ankle earlier. He has to let it go, as he has no way to transport it safely. He holds the Meganeuravertically by its thorax so its wings fan his face, as the forest is very hot and damp, then puts the Meganeura in a net cage.

In the park Susanne lifts the door between the Smilodon enclosures. They have a water jet ready to separate the two if they fight. The male goes into the female’s enclosure. They growl somewhat at each other, but do not fight.

On site, Nigel looks for the Pulmonoscorpius. He finds one nearly a meter long under a half casing of a rotted-out fallen lycopsid log. It has thin claws, so Nigel is worried, because with scorpions small claws mean big sting. He holds its attention with a thin stick and works his a hand behind it and grabs its telson just in front of its sting. As he puts it in a dog carrier, it stings the back of his right hand as he lets it go. But a worse danger is coming.

In the park, Bob has filled the insect house with 35% nitrox atmosphere and has realized the resulting increased fire risk. He lights a thin piece of wood to show the fire risk.

The lightning storm has started a forest fire, which is spreading fast towards them, and in the 35%-oxygen air vegetation is much more inflammable than in modern air. They run towards the jeep. Nigel trips over a big Arthropleura hidden in ground litter. It rears to confront him. Nigel, who was wanting to get away quickly, was not thankful for this delay, but says he must rescue it, else it will be burned alive. After a struggle, he and another man wrap it in a plastic sheet and tie red cord around it. They load everything on the jeep and set up the Time Portal just in front of the jeep, whose engine still will not start. Nigel runs through the Time Portal, comes back with the end of a tow rope, and ties it to the jeep, which is towed out of the coal forest swamp back into the modern age. They see that the tow rope was being towed not by a towtruck or other vehicle, but by a titanosaur, which Bob was enticing with the wheelbarrowfull of gastrolith stones. (This seems to imply that someone went back through the Time Portal earlier to tell the park staff to arrange a tow.)

The Arthropleura, the Meganeura, and the Pulmonoscorpius are put in the high-oxygen building. Terence is recovering well from his injury and infection but wrecks Suzanne’s surgery once he wakes up from anaesthetic: Susanne had not restrained him, not realising he would come around so fast. Terrence is taken back into his enclosure, since he seems likely to make a full recovery. Nigel’s sting site has swollen but still shows no serious symptoms, so either the Pulmonoscorpius’s venom does not affect mammals (it came from a time before mammals), or it did not inject any venom, or he pulled his hand away before it could inject. Bob seems to take a liking to the Arthropleura and hand-feeds it ferns. He says that he likes it because “it isn’t some kind of creepy-crawly bug, it’s more like a proper animal.” At the end of the episode is shown Terence is roaring at the Sunset.

06. Supercroc

In the park, near the Time Portal site there is a crocodile enclosure. There is a suspension bridge across it (the simple sort where the footway follows the catenary); Bob walks across it to feed the Nile crocodiles in the lake. Nigel plans to add a Deinosuchus, an ancient species of giant crocodilian (more closely related to alligators than crocodiles) which weighs up to 9 tons, to the park. Bob mutters that Nigel may have bitten off more than he can chew this time.In a jeep, Nigel goes through the Time Portal to the Cretaceous in Texas, where Dallas is now. At this time North America is divided into three land areas by a Y-shaped internal epicontinental sea. The land around the Time Portal exit point is dry: gravelly sand with patches of trees and bushes. Two half-size juvenile Parasaurolophus go by and stop about 10 m away. Nigel chases them towards the jeep. Then two Albertosaurus appear. TheParasaurolophus honk and run away. Nigel revs his jeep’s diesel engine: that makes the Albertosaurus back off, but not for long and they get accustomed to the noise (and presumably to diesel exhaust smell). He drives away. They chase him, at speed up to 30–38 mph, but they tire and turn away.

In the park, Bob is planting young trees to help feed the titanosaurs: he says that he will have to plant 2000 trees each year for this. The titanosaurs, of course, are no help whatsoever at this, and keep trampling trees down.

The Smilodon have bred and now have two cubs. Susanne sees that their mother is not making enough milk for the cubs, so she has to take the cubs and bottle-feed them, thus breaking the natural mother-cub link. If she were to put them back into their mother’s enclosure, they would be killed.

On site, Nigel drives onto a sea beach, and looks out to sea for signs of Deinosuchus which could survive for a limited time in salt water like modernsaltwater crocodiles. He stops. A herd of Parasaurolophus run past. They are each 10 meters long. He shouts at them to clear off in case they damage his jeep’s paintwork. He finds a conch-sized gastropod shell and makes a hole in it and blows it to try to have an exchange of vocalizations: they make noises using their hollow crests.

Nigel, with binoculars, sees 5 Nyctosaurus fly in from the sea. They fish by skimming the lower jaw through the water surface. Nigel has brought amicrolight with him: he uses it to fly with the Nyctosaurus. A Deinosuchus reaches its head out of the sea and grabs one of the Nyctosaurus. Nigel sees another Deinosuchus swimming from the sea up a river, and decides to head in that direction.

In the park, Susanne visits Martha the Mammuthus. Martha tries to be an “auntie” to the elephant herd’s matriarch’s calf. The frightened matriarch drives Martha away. Martha is becoming isolated again, and there is fear that she will again stop eating.

On site, Nigel paddles in a red inflatable boat on the river. A Deinosuchus bites the boat’s stern, does not like the taste of rubber, and lets go. It snaps out of the water again by the boat, then disappears. Nigel paddles two miles upstream to a freshwater lake, where he sees someDeinosuchus on a sandbank, and a herd of Parasaurolophus forced by thirst to come to the lake to drink. Nigel paddles. He mentions thatDeinosuchus will (geologically) soon be wiped out when sea floods the area, as they have a specialised lifestyle, so he must rescue one. An unwary young Parasaurolophus goes to the lake to drink. A Deinosuchus rockets out of the lake and grabs it by the chest. The two roll over and over in the lake. More Deinosuchus swim in. They take turns to hold the kill while another tears at it.

In the park, the Phorusrhacos has developed a habit of dust bathing near its enclosure’s fence, undermining it. Each time, Bob fills the resulting hole with big stones. He realises that this tactic is only “firefighting” and that he will have to make a new fence with the bottom ends of all its posts buried four feet deep.

On site, Nigel has made a long double row of wooden posts ending in a blind end. He plans to entice a Deinosuchus with meat up the fenced route to the blind end. To get back to the jeep, he walks through a dense forest, but he is worried about dangerous predators. Something is following him. He feels relieved when a Troodon sticks its head up out of bushes and shows that it is much smaller than an Albertosaurus. When he reaches the jeep, he sees that three Troodon are eating the meat that he had brought as bait. He chases them away using a portable aerosol-like horn.

In the park Bob is shoveling up Elasmotherium dung when he sees the Phorusrhacos looking at him through a fence. He calls on his walkietalkiethat the Phorusrhacos has escaped again. A keeper comes in a jeep, and by towing some meat behind the jeep leads the Phorusrhacos back to its enclosure.

On site, Nigel plans to use the rest of his meat to bait a Deinosuchus up the stockade. He sets the bait at the stockade’s end. They rig hammocks. It gets dark. With their helmet headlights they see that some a Troodon was pulling away his bait. When Nigel chased after it, another came and ran off with the rest. The meat that was left was not enough to lure a Deinosuchus. They go to bed.

They are woken in the morning by the noise when three Albertosaurus kill a Parasaurolophus. Three Deinosuchus come out of the lake to steal the kill. There is noisy confrontation and some biting, and tugs-of-war over the flesh. The Albertosaurus admit defeat and back off.

In the park Martha the mammoth is still isolated from the elephant herd.

On site, Nigel must use himself as bait. He wades into the water and splashes it hard with a paddle until a Deinosuchus investigates. He backs off too soon; the Deinosuchus backs off. He splashes again. The Deinosuchus charges out of the sea and chases Nigel, who runs up the stockade path and at its blind end squeezes between two of its posts. He and 4 men with him struggle to hold the stockade posts upright, until theDeinosuchus tires, as cold-blooded reptiles tire quickly. They set up the time portal close outside the blind end of the stockade. Nigel in the jeep tows three of the end stockade posts out and through the Time Portal; the Deinosuchus is confined too closely to turn round, so it must follow him through the portal. It is enticed with a piece of meat to its pond (made close by the time portal), which it goes into.

In the park Bob as usual has to “pick up the pieces”. He drives the jeep to his next job, and mutters that Prehistoric Park needs more keepers, as they have so many problems: the Phorusrhacos escaped its enclosure again; the Smilodon cubs have had Suzanne up half the night, the titanosaurs eat too much, and to make matters worse, their digestive systems cannot handle the modern vegetation resulting in bad diarrhea, and Nigel constantly bringing back more creatures is not helping. Suddenly, a Troodon emerges from the kit on the back of the jeep: enticed by the meat in the jeep intended to lure the Deinosuchus, it has stowed away. It snaps at Bob, and the swerving jeep runs straight at a titanosaur, causing it to stampede through several enclosures, causing the Ornithimimus flock, Phorusrhacos, Elasmotherium, and, worst of all, Matilda theTyrannosaurus, to flee through the broken fences and run around freely through the park. Paying no attention to the titanosaur lumbering through her enclosure, Matilda walks right out into freedom, getting the scent of an easy meal. Bob manages to stop the jeep, and the Troodon leaps out and escapes into the undergrowth nearby. Bob runs off to try to capture the escapees. When trying to round up a group of escaped Ornithomimus and the Elasmotherium, Bob is warned that Matilda is on the loose and closing in on him, so he must flee. Matilda then heads for the elephants – she separates the calf from the rest of the herd and quickly runs it to the ground. But Martha, although the herd earlier drove her away, instinctively defends the calf, and with some trumpetings, growls, roars, and waving of tusks, her attack stops Matilda. Nigel then arrives and runs away on foot, trying to lure Matilda away to follow him. Matilda, seeing the prospect of an easy meal, turns away from Martha and starts chasing Nigel.

Nigel runs past the Nile crocodile pond, across an open area, and along a jeep track past theDeinosuchus lake, with Matilda closing the gap behind him. The Deinosuchus, accustomed to fighting giant theropods, surges out of the lake at Matilda, who swings around just in time to dodge the attack. This delay buys time for Nigel, who runs into the Time Portal’s entry stockaded enclosure and climbs out of it by a ladder. Matilda’s jaws are only about a foot distance from one of his feet as he climbs to safety. Nigel shuts the enclosure and Matilda is contained.

A few weeks later, extra keepers have been hired. The escaped animals are back in their enclosures. Bob catches the Troodon in a long tunnel trap with droppable doors at both ends, and presumably finds somewhere to keep it. The elephants, thankful for the help and rescue, let Martha join them as a full herd member and be an “auntie” to the elephant calf. The Smilodon cubs have been weaned and are eating meat, but they have not grown visible saber teeth yet.

At the end of the episode we see Nigel at his headquarters planning his next mission before travelling through the time portal, suggesting that a future series will be made.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Walking with DinosaursPlanet DinosaurSea Monsters: A Prehistoric AdventureWalking with MonstersLife in the UndergrowthThe Giant Claw

#dinosaur #Prehistory

trom

2012-10-22 17:01:45

The Enemies of Reason

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YEAR: 2007 | LENGTH: 2 parts (50 minutes each) | SOURCE: WIKIPEDIA

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The Enemies of Reason is a two-part television documentary, written and presented by evolutionary biologist Richard Dawkins, in which he seeks to expose “those areas of belief that exist without scientific proof, yet manage to hold the nation under their spell”, including mediumship, acupunctureand psychokinesis.[ps2id id=’magnet’/]

The documentary was first broadcast on Channel 4 in the UK, styled as a loose successor to Dawkins’ documentary of the previous year, The Root of All Evil?, as seen through the incorporation of brief clips from said documentary during the introduction of the first part by Dawkins. The first part aired 13 August 2007 and the second on 20 August 2007.

It includes interviews with Steve Fuller, Deepak Chopra, Satish Kumar, and Derren Brown.

episodes:

01. Slaves to Superstition

Dawkins points to some of science’s achievements and describes it as freeing most people from superstition and dogma. Picking up from his superstition-reason distinction in The Root of All Evil?(while recycling some footage from it), he then says reason is facing an “epidemic of superstition” that “impoverishes our culture” and introduces gurus that persuade us “to run away from reality”. He calls the present day dangerous times. He returns to science’s achievements, including the fact that, by extending people’s lifespan, it helps them to take more advantage of life. He turns his attention to astrology, which he criticizes for stereotyping without evidence. Having put astrology to the test and referred to larger-scale experiments, he then briefly describes the mechanics of astronomy, and then expresses frustration that 50% of the UK population – more than are members of one religion – believe in the paranormal.

He then visits a psychic medium, Simon Goodfellow, who makes statements Dawkins interprets as referring to retirement – which most people his age would soon be going in for but not Dawkins. Cornell then finds himself in contradiction over whether or not the “spirit G”, who allegedly communicates with him, is Dawkins’s family member. Cornell next tries suggesting this spirit was in the military – again, typical of deceased relatives of people Dawkins’s age, but not of Dawkins. Cornell finishes with several explanations of why his powers might not always work, but Dawkins insists extraordinary claims require extraordinary evidence, and then talks to the sceptical Derren Brown about cold reading, including misleading tricks it uses.

In another notable segment Dawkins visits a psychic for £50 who said she could hear or see his father “on the other side.” Dawkins let the woman do the reading and at the end informed her that his father is alive, and he visits him frequently.

Dawkins now visits a spiritualist church, and makes several criticisms of the alleged evidence of communication with the dead by medium Craig Hamilton-Parker, and adds that many may become obsessed with such performances and find it difficult to get over the loss of loved ones, adding that most people present are regulars. Hamilton-Parker says his psychic powers have been “proven to me against my rationality”. Dawkins ends his study of séances by noting the arguments are based on untestable, private, subjective anecdotes, and compares this to religion.

Dawkins now describes the history of scientific knowledge of echolocation, and points to the cumulative build-up of corroborating evidence for scientific explanations of the phenomena. He visits psychologist Chris French, who is performing a double-blind test of dowsing. None of the dowsers perform better, in a statistically significant sense, than is expectable by chance alone. While the dowsers are surprised, Dawkins and French note that their confidence is untouched, and they prefer explanations (French states some may call them excuses) that retain the hypothesis that they have paranormal dowsing powers. Dawkins next attempts his own explanation of belief in the paranormal in a combination of evolutionary and psychological terms, saying: “we don’t want to believe things just happen”, and he suggests superstition is just the sort of animal error committed by Skinner’s pigeons.

Dawkins now interviews Satish Kumar about ideas such as ‘treeness’ and ‘rockness’. Dawkins points out that it is all evidence-free assertion. He responds to the “science is bleak” argument by saying that the world is so wonderful that the word ‘mundane’ has a mismatched meaning and etymology. He then complains about the long-term fall in the number of students taking chemistry and physics at A-level. He suggests this is partly because of the UK education system encouraging students to value personal feeling over evidence and reason. He interviews the relativist Steven Fuller and criticises him for being “so close to being right but … damn wrong”. Fuller points out that different people can interpret the same evidence differently. Fuller also points out the benefits of the Internet, and Dawkins agrees, but then turns to the dangers it poses in causing the spread of fabricated statements. He also points to the fact that the MMR vaccine scandal involved an unsubstantiated conspiracy theory about the UK government. Dawkins concludes that reason “built the modern world. It is a precious but fragile thing”.

02. The Irrational Health Service

Richard Dawkins examines the growing suspicion the public has for science-based medicine, despite its track record of successes like the germ theory of disease, vaccines, antibiotics and increased lifespan. He notes a fifth of British children are currently not immunised against measles,mumps and rubella, attributing it to fears arising from a highly controversial report linking the vaccine with autism.

Dawkins criticizes the growing field of alternative medicine which does not pass the same objective and statistical rigour as scientifically derived treatments using controlled double-blind studies. Without verifiable evidence, alternative therapies must rely on biased anecdotes and word of mouth to perpetuate. Dawkins observes these treatments have fanciful rationales and rituals behind them, with many alternative treatments employing pseudoscientific jargon such as “energy”, “vibration” or “quantum theory” to give themselves greater credence to patients.

Homeopathy is singled out as an example of a mainstream alternative medicine that has public support and taxpayer funding through the National Health Service. Dawkins explains that the rationale behind it is unfounded and demonstrates that the magnitude of dilution required is so great the patient is practically imbibing pure water. This is illustrated by the typical homeopathic dilution of 30C, that is thirty steps of dilution by 1% each time), which requires a drop of active ingredient dissolved in a body of water greater than the whole ocean. Dawkins cites a 2005 meta-analysis by The Lancet that concludes that homeopathy has no consistently demonstrable effect on health.

Dawkins hypothesises that practitioners of alternative medicine spend longer time than regular doctors on their patients when attending to them. An interview with Professor Nicholas Humphrey suggests that this empathic attention may cause a placebo effect in patients, but this is not a substitute for conventional science-based medicine.

The episode concludes with Dawkins making an appeal to skeptical, rational inquiry based on evidence, claiming ‘reason has liberated us from superstition and given us centuries of progress. We abandon it at our peril.’

SIMILAR TITLES:

The Root of All EvilRACE: The Power Of An IllusionThe Trap: What Happened To Our Dream Of FreedomEnemy of Enemies: The Rise of ISILIntelligent Design On TrialSecrets of the Psychics

#religion

RACE: The Power Of An Illusion

Race is one topic where we all think we're experts. Yet ask 10 people to define race or name "the races," and you're likely to get 10 different answers.

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trom

2018-05-03 01:14:35

Sex Slavery

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YEAR: 2011 | LENGTH: 1 part (45 minutes) | SOURCE: 4CORNERS

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Around Australia there are hundreds of legal brothels. Thousands of women sell their bodies for profit. Now, in a joint Four Corners/The Age special investigation, reporter Sally Neighbour exposes the brutal illegal off-shoot of the sex industry: sex slavery. In a report that exposes the worst excesses of human trafficking she reveals how networks of criminal gangs are luring women to Australia, where they are forced to work as sex slaves. If they refuse they are beaten and their families are threatened.

“What happened to us was a nightmare. We worked from 11am to 3 or 4am the next morning, and slept only three or four hours. They treated us like animals. We were sexually abused, we were dragged, we were hit.” Former sex slave, from Melbourne

Like any business, the trade in flesh thrives on consumer demand. Sex trafficking and sexual slavery exists because customers want Asian women who are reputed to be more compliant to their needs. Many of the Asian sex workers in Australia are here willingly. However some are trapped, humiliated, placed in debt bondage and forced to put their lives in danger by having unprotected sex with hundreds of men.

The Four Corners/The Age investigation begins in brothels in Australia’s major cities. Using public records and information gathered from industry insiders, we investigate the extent of the networks and detail the methods used by the gangs and their standover men to force women to work in this brutal industry.

Following evidence of an international syndicate, reporter Sally Neighbour goes to Asia to track the people who work to snare the women, and discovers a highly organised operation that has trafficked hundreds of women around the world, including scores to Australia.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Britain’s Secret Slavery BusinessSex SwapUN Sex Abuse ScandalSlaving AwayThe Dark Side Of ChocolateSmugglers’ Paradise

Sex Slavery

Four Corners is the home of Australian investigative journalism.

^{www.abc.net.au}

trom

2012-10-02 21:04:09

Wild Child: The Story of Feral Children

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YEAR: 2002 | LENGTH: 1 part (43 minutes) | SOURCE: UNKNOWN

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A terrified three-year-old sits sobbing in an outdoor kennel, cuddled up to a dog for comfort. She has been thrown out of the house by a drunken parent for crying with hunger.

Another infant cries alone for hours in a dark room where she is left dirty and hungry. When her cries bring no comfort she turns and passively faces the wall. These are typical experiences in the extraordinary lives of Oxana, Edik and Genie, the children shown on the documentary “Wild Child”.

The following cases are covered:

– Oxana Malaya, Ukraine: For six years, Oxana Malaya spent her life living in a kennel with dogs. Totally abandoned by her alcoholic mother and father, she was discovered behaving more like an animal than a human child.

– In 1800 in France, villagers had talked of a wild child who lurked in the forest. News of the capture spread fast and sent shockwaves throughout Europe. The young boy was taken to Paris where he was named Victor. The general medical profession thought him little more than a savage.

– For 13 years, Genie spent her nights locked in wire do cage, her days strapped to her potty chair. Her father Clark ordered his son John and wife Irene never to talk to her. She lived in almost total isolation. Genies bedroom was at the back of the house with the window covered. The furnishings of the bedroom consisted of a cage with a chicken-wire lid, and a potty chair with some kind of home-made strapping device.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Secret of the Wild ChildWild Wild CountryJapan: A Story of Love and HatePlease Don’t Take My ChildBritain’s Child BeggarsLion Cubs of ISIL: Children of the Caliphate

#behavior #feralChildren #humanBehavior

Secret of the Wild Child

Favorite trailer magnet YEAR: 1994 | LENGTH: 1 part (55 minutes)  |  SOURCE: IMDB description: NOVA: Secret Of The Wild …

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trom

2020-09-05 23:12:15

Wild Wild Country

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YEAR: 2018 | LENGTH: 6 parts (~65 minutes each) | SOURCE: NETFLIX

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Wild Wild Country is a Netflix documentary series about the controversial Indian guru Bhagwan Shree Rajneesh (Osho), his one-time personal assistant Ma Anand Sheela, and their community of followers in the Rajneeshpuram community located in Wasco County, Oregon.

episodes:

Part 1
Under the watchful eye of his secretary, Ma Anand Sheela, spiritual guru Bhagwan Shree Rajineesh renovates his ashram from India to Oregon in 1981.

Part 2
When the world’s most controversial guru builds a utopian city deep in the Oregon desert, conflict with the locals escalates into a national scandal.

Part 3
Sheela emerges as a provocative spokeswoman. As Election Day approaches, the Rajneeshees recruit thousands of homeless people to fortify their ranks.

Part 4
Local officials try to build a case against the Rajneeshees. When Sheela’s thirst for power turns violent, the Bhagwan finally breaks his silence.

Part 5
The bitter feud between Sheela and the Bhagwan divides the community — and opens the door for the FBI. At the ranch, a task force amasses evidence.

Part 6
The Bhagwan flees the ranch. Sheela and several followers are arrested in Germany. The Bhagwan’s devotees — and his enemies — reflect on his legacy.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Secret of the Wild ChildWild Child: The Story of Feral ChildrenAmerica’s new gurus — in search of enlightenmentBehind the CurveKumareMillion Pound Selfie Sell Off

Secret of the Wild Child

Favorite trailer magnet YEAR: 1994 | LENGTH: 1 part (55 minutes)  |  SOURCE: IMDB description: NOVA: Secret Of The Wild …

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trom

2013-11-20 09:48:42

Autism: Challenging Behavior

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YEAR: 2013 | LENGTH: 1 part (60 minutes) | SOURCE: BBC

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Documentary which explores the controversy around ABA (Applied Behaviour Analysis), an intensive intervention used to treat autism. Parents who want ABA for their children passionately believe that it is the best way to teach a child new skills and to help them function in mainstream society, but critics of ABA argue that it is dehumanising and abusive to try to eliminate autistic behaviour.

The film follows three-year-old Jack and four-year-old Jeremiah through their first term at Treetops School in Essex – the only state school in the UK which offers a full ABA programme. Neither boy has any language, Jeremiah finds it hard to engage with the world around him and Jack has severe issues with food. Both their parents have high hopes of the ‘tough love’ support that Treetops offers, but will struggle with their child’s progress.

We also meet Gunnar Frederiksen, a passionate and charismatic ABA consultant who works with families all over Europe. His view of autism – that it is a condition that can be cured and that families must work with their child as intensively and as early as possible if they want to take the child ‘out of the condition’ – is at odds with the way that many view autism today.

Gunnar is working with three-year-old Tobias in Norway and has trained the parents so that they can work with him at home as his ABA tutors. He also introduces us to Richard, a 16-year-old from Sweden who was diagnosed with autism at the age of three and whose parents were told that he would be unlikely ever to speak. Today, Richard is ‘indistinguishable from his peers’ and plays badminton for the Swedish national team. In an emotional scene, Richard and his family look back at video recordings of the early ABA treatment and we are confronted both by the harshness of the method and the result of the intervention.

These and other stories are intercut with the views and experiences from those who oppose ABA and who argue that at the heart of ABA is a drive to make children with autism as normal as possible, rather than accepting and celebrating their difference. Lee, an autistic mother of a son who has Aspergers, describes how the drive to make her behave and act like a ‘normal’ child broke her, and how she was determined to accept her son for who he was.

The question of how far we accept autistic difference and how much should we push people with autism to fit into society’s norms raises wider questions that affect us all – how do we achieve compliance in our children, how much should we expect children to conform and how far should parents push children to fit in with their own expectations?

SIMILAR TITLES:

Please Don’t Take My ChildThe Trap: What Happened To Our Dream Of FreedomJesus CampNo More Boys and GirlsIntelligent Design On TrialRACE: The Power Of An Illusion

BBC Four - Autism: Challenging Behaviour

A look at how ABA (applied behaviour analysis) is used to treat autism.

^BBC

trom

2020-01-10 21:00:41

Trust Me I’m a Doctor

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YEAR: 2013-2019 | LENGTH: 9 seasons, 36 episodes (~30 minutes each) | SOURCE: BBC

description:

Going behind the headlines to give the definitive answers to health questions.

episodes:

season 1

Episode 01

Can you be fat and fit? Could you improve your health by staying in bed longer? Should we all be taking an Aspirin pill to help us live longer? Michael Mosley is joined by a team of doctors who use their expertise to get to the bottom all those health claims.Dr Chris van Tulleken examines what diseases lurk on Britain’s hands; Dr Saleyha Ahsan has some simple tips that could allow you to save a life; and surgeon Gabriel Weston witnesses brain surgery without a knife.

Episode 02

The series that cuts through the confusing adverts, headlines and health advice to provide information you need to live healthily. Are vitamin pills money down the loo? Should we all be signing up to private health checks? Will antibiotics cure back pain? And does getting cold make you catch one?

Michael Mosley and the team of doctors are in Chester to test an extraordinary idea, that simply standing up more could transform our health. Gabriel Weston witnesses surgical history as she attends a womb transplant, Saleyha Ahsan demonstrates how to stop someone choking and Michael asks if he should be taking statins.

Episode 03

The series that cuts through the confusing adverts, headlines and health advice to provide information you need to live healthily.

Michael Mosley and the team of doctors are in Lancaster to test if trees could be the answer to a hidden health threat that kills 29,000 people a year – air pollution. The team also finds out the answers to many health questions. Is there a cure for hay fever? Are smoothies good for you? Is coffee bad for you? Will Probiotic yoghurts keep you healthy? And should more people be taking HRT?

Also in this episode, Gabriel Weston is tracking down a novel cure to migraines that been found in a beauty clinic and Saleyha Ahsan is on a mission to teach us all how to revive a drowning casualty.

season 2

Episode 01

Can we eat the same food and still lose weight? In a world first, Dr Chris van Tulleken discovers how to make some of our favourite meals healthier without changing a single ingredient.

Medical journalist Michael Mosley finds out why getting more sun on our skin can actually be good for us. Surgeon Gabriel Weston travels to the US to witness a remarkable surgical procedure that’s helping the paralysed to regain movement.

Also, GPs can prescribe acupuncture on the NHS but does it work? Dr Salehya Ahsan looks at the evidence for this controversial treatment.

Episode 02

Can foods be as potent as medicines? It’s claimed garlic, beetroot and watermelon can all reduce our blood pressure – but what’s the truth? Dr Chris van Tulleken investigates.

Medical journalist Michael Mosley quizzes leading experts to discover if sugar really is a toxin. Dr Saleyha Ahsan dispels some popular myths about treating burns and surgeon Gabriel Weston travels to Russia to witness a controversial operation where stems cells are being used to rebuild organs.

Episode 03

Does caffeine really help us to stay alert and what are the alternatives? In this programme some surprising ways to boost our brains are put to the test.

Also medical journalist Michael Mosley examines the growing trend for electronic cigarettes and asks if they are safe. Dr Chris van Tulleken investigates if household chores can count as exercise. Dr Saleyha Ahsan gives first-aid tips on how to treat someone suffering from hypothermia and surgeon Gabriel Weston sees life-saving surgery that involves removing all the blood from a patient’s body.

season 3

Episode 01
The doctors are back! In the first programme of the series, the team bring you the definitive answers to questions including how to avoid losing your marbles and Michael Mosley’s tips to cure cramp. Dr Saleyha Ahsan shows how to spot the signs of a deep vein thrombosis, Dr Chris van Tulleken reveals the shocking truth about what is actually in herbal supplements sold in the UK, and surgeon Gabriel Weston travels to the US to witness an astonishing new treatment that could cure crippling back pain for millions of people.

Episode 02
Michael Mosley and the doctors go behind the health myths and headlines. In this programme, Michael joins volunteers in a study to discover whether just changing your diet can lower cholesterol as much as taking drugs like statins – with surprising results. Dr Saleyha Ahsan reveals new research that could cure snoring, surgeon Gabriel Weston sees the incredible results of an unusual treatment for a hospital superbug which could soon be saving lives here in the UK, and Dr Chris van Tulleken investigates the truth behind skincare products – could they being doing you more harm than good?

Episode 03
Michael Mosley and the doctors delve once again into the confusing world of health claims. In this programme, they recruit over 200 volunteers to test a surprising way to cure food cravings, while Michael tries a new technique to beat the habits we find hardest to kick. Dr Chris van Tulleken looks at whether organic food is better for your health, whilst surgeon Gabriel Weston investigates a potentially groundbreaking new treatment for cancer and Dr Saleyha Ahsan shows how to spot a stroke before it happens.

season 4

Episode 01

It’s a new year and another series of Trust Me, I’m a Doctor, ready to help you shake off the festive excesses. In this special New Year programme, Dr Saleyha Ahsan oversees a world-first experiment to see how we can burn more fat – without doing any more exercise.

Michael Mosley gives a cheat’s guide to a better body, with results that astonish the scientists. Dr Chris van Tulleken puts protein shakes to the test, and surgeon Gabriel Weston meets a woman who has sight restored for the first time in 16 years, thanks to a bionic eye.

Episode 02

Dr Chris van Tulleken runs a groundbreaking experiment with the University of Surrey to see whether simply changing our mealtimes can help us all lose weight, whilst Gabriel Weston looks at whether dietproducts could actually be making us put it on!

Dr Saleyha Ahsan investigates the chemicals sprayed around our houses, and Michael Mosley gets to the truth about alcohol: can it be good for our health? Plus the story of a 12-year-old girl undergoing a new treatment for peanut allergy, and how to treat someone having an allergic reaction.

Episode 03

The doctors are in Glasgow, using a cutting-edge technique to discover whether olive oil really is good for us.

Dr Chris van Tulleken gets to the truth about whether beards are unhygienic, Michael Mosley interrogates the experts about whether meat is bad for us, and Dr Saleyha Ahsan hears from the survivors of sepsis on how we can all spot the signs of this little-known killer.

Episode 04

In the final episode of the series, the doctors reveal the secrets to how we can all stick to those health resolutions we made at New Year, but are already struggling to keep.

Surgeon Gabriel Weston experiments with a herbal supplement said to help us drink less alcohol, Dr Chris van Tulleken reveals some unusual ways to get a better night’s sleep, and Michael Mosley uncovers the secret of staying motivated.

Meanwhile, Dr Saleyha Ahsan tests some revolutionary new science that could help us all easily lose weight and be healthier.

season 5

Episode 01

Michael Mosley and the doctors set up experiments to get to the truth behind health claims and headlines.

Dr Chris van Tulleken teams up with Nottingham University to see whether high intensity exercise is as good for us as is claimed, guest presenter Dr Zoe Williams gets a group of volunteers to help put some home fitness monitors to the test and Michael Mosley investigates whether acupuncture really does have a scientific basis.

Meanwhile, surgeon Gabriel Weston travels to the former Soviet Union to see a technology devised behind the iron curtain which could solve the problem of antibiotic resistance in the West, and Dr Saleyha Ahsan outlines the new guidelines on concussion: how can we tell whether a bang on the head is serious enough to go to a doctor?

Episode 02

This time, Michael Mosley reveals a new discovery that could help us all improve our eyesight and Dr Chris van Tulleken carries out an experiment with the University of Worcester to find out whether the fad for going gluten free can be good for us.

Surgeon Gabriel Weston witnesses a breakthrough that could cure rheumatoid arthritis and other autoimmune diseases and Dr Saleyha Ahsan investigates the signs and symptoms of depression – what should we all look out for?

Episode 03
Michael Mosley and the doctors undertake the most ambitious experiment yet on the series – testing whether the spice turmeric could help protect us against cancer, with the help of nearly 100 volunteers,several UK universities and some brand new technology. Gabriel Weston learns how one of these methods, based on a new understanding of the very beginnings of cancer, could soon provide us all with personalised cancer tests. Dr Chris van Tulleken investigates whether glucosamine pills really help with joint pain, and Dr Saleyha Ahsan looks at whether cheap painkillers are as good as expensive brands. Guest Dr Zoe Williams, meanwhile, tries out home cholesterol test kits.

season 6

Episode 01

Michael Mosley investigates whether diet or exercise is a more effective way to keep calories in check, and Saleyha Ahsan runs an experiment to find out whether probiotic products really can improve health.

Chris van Tulleken discovers whether red wine lives up to its healthy reputation, Zoe Williams looks at how sleep duration affects how much people eat, and Gabriel Weston witnesses the first operation of its kind in the UK – fitting a sternum implant made using 3D printing.

Episode 02

Dr Zoe Williams investigates whether people can boost their metabolism, Michael asks whether people should be worried about air pollution, and Dr Saleyha Ahsan meets survivors of eating disorders to try and identify the signs and symptoms.

Gabriel Weston visits the Netherlands to find out about a new treatment for eczema, and Dr Chris van Tulleken reveals what kind of weights people should be lifting at the gym.

Episode 03
Michael sets off an ambitious study on the health benefits of omega-3 fish oils, while Dr Chris van Tulleken puts omega-3 supplements to the test. Dr Zoe Williams goes on a high fat diet and discovers why eating a lot of fat affects men and women differently. Gabriel Weston seeks out an innovative new brain treatment for PTSD, and Dr Saleyha Ahsan reveals how to spot the symptoms of a little-known condition that can cause sudden and irreversible sight loss.

season 7

Episode 01
In this programme, Michael Mosley finds out why fizzy drinks make you eat more. GP Dr Zoe Williams investigates whether caffeine boosts your physical performance. Geneticist Dr Giles Yeo discovers what men can do about baldness. Surgeon Gabriel Weston looks into the new artificial pancreas that could transform life for diabetics. And Dr Alain Gregoire gives the psychiatrist’s guide to obsessive compulsive disorder.

Episode 02

Michael Mosley runs an experiment to test the claim that coconut oil can cut cholesterol. Giles Yeo investigates how much fruit is too much. Zoe Williams investigates a sleep disorder that causes up to 40,000 road accidents a year. Michael quizzes two experts on whether genetic-testing kits are worth the money. And Alain Gregoire finds out how you can use your eyes to help cope with age-related hearing loss.

Episode 03
Michael Mosley runs an experiment to find out if eating carbs in the evening is bad for you. GP Zoe Williams investigates a condition that leaves millions of us with painfully cold fingers and finds out how to reduce the effects of jet lag. Psychiatrist Alain Gregoire reveals how to recognise PTSD and what you can do about it. And surgeon Gabriel Weston discovers the innovative magnetic technology helping cancer surgeons to remove tumours in the operating theatre.

Episode 04
Michael Mosley runs an experiment to find out which foods are best for providing a crucial but neglected nutrient: iodine. Geneticist Dr Giles Yeo discovers why stress can make you put on weight. GP Dr Zoe Williams tackles the question: how safe are x-rays? Michael questions two experts on how the NHS spends our money. And psychiatrist Dr Alain Gregoire reveals how mental health first aid aims to reduce the rates of suicide and mental illness.

Episode 05

Michael Mosley runs an experiment to test whether beetroot and leafy greens can give your body and brain a boost. GP Dr Zoe Williams investigates the new generation flu vaccine and gives advice on which health apps for your phone can be trusted. Surgeon Gabriel Weston discovers a new treatment that promises to improve the mobility of stroke survivors. And psychiatrist Dr Alain Gregoire reveals how to spot generalised anxiety disorder and what you can do about it.

Episode 06

Michael Mosley teams up with Olympic athletes to test which types of exercise give you the strongest bones. Geneticist Dr Giles Yeo investigates how to stay healthy if your body clock is out of sync with your work day. GP Dr Zoe Williams looks into which health advice on the internet you can trust. And surgeon Gabriel Weston carries out an experiment to discover if cleaning our homes with antibacterial products could be responsible for the rise in allergies and asthma.

season 8

Episode 01
In this programme, Michael Mosley finds out how learning a new language can help stave off dementia. Giles Yeo goes vegan for a month to test whether it makes him healthier. Gabriel Weston asks whether you can get drunk on boozy food. Zoe Williams looks at what you can do to improve your health if you are living with heart disease. Alain Gregoire discovers how to protect your teeth from a hidden danger.

Episode 02
In this programme, Michael Mosley and Zoe Williams test whether ‘exercise snacking’ – short bursts of exercise integrated into daily life – can be as good for your health as one long workout. Giles Yeo looks at how we can get more iron into our diet. Alain Gregoire finds out what all men need to know to protect themselves from prostate cancer. And Gabriel Weston finds out about an exciting breakthrough in gene therapy.

Episode 03
Michael Mosley finds out whether a glass of wine can protect your blood vessels from the harmful effects of junk food. Giles Yeo sets out to test home breathalyser kits – and uncovers a potentially dangerous weakness in the drink-drive laws in England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Zoe Williams finds out what you can do to improve your health if you are living with cancer. And Gabriel Weston has the lowdown on what is safe to eat and drink when you are pregnant.

Episode 04
As we gear up for BBC Music Day, Michael Mosley finds out whether singing can boost feel-good chemicals in the brain, Dr Zoe Williams discovers why music could help people with dementia, and Dr Alain Gregoire looks at some new research showing the surprising benefits of group singing for mothers with post-natal depression. Also in the programme, Dr Giles Yeo finds out whether ‘man flu’ is real, and Gabriel Weston asks whether detoxing is a con.

Episode 05
Michael Mosley finds out what giving up alcohol for a month really does to your health. Gabriel Weston investigates what we really know about the risks and benefits of medical cannabis. Dr Zoe Williams reveals how to get the most out of your GP appointment. Dr Alain Gregoire discovers a surprising way massage benefits your health. And Dr Giles Yeo finds out how to avoid exam stress.

Episode 06
Michael Mosley finds out whether t’ai chi can offer the same health benefits as vigorous exercise – without all the huffing and puffing. Surgeon Gabriel Weston discovers a pioneering new technology that is transforming complex brain surgery. Dr Giles Yeo asks what we can do about heartburn. Dr Zoe Williams asks – how safe are the medicines we buy online?

season 9

Episode 01

Michael Mosley tests how vigorously you really need to exercise to start seeing improvements to your physical and mental health.

Alain Gregoire cures his lifelong phobia of heights in just two hours using virtual reality. Zoe Williams investigates whether the ten-minute one-to-one GP appointment could be under threat.

Giles Yeo tests whether hot or cold drinks are better to cool you down. And Guddi Singh looks into a mystery illness that is often dismissed as a bout of morning sickness.

Episode 02
Michael Mosley and the doctors are back. Giles Yeo tests the extraordinary claim that eating less can boost your memory. Alain Gregoire discovers our body’s secret built-in stress-buster. Zoe Williams reveals how to spot a hidden illness that can cause stillbirth. Michael uncovers how a simple magnet can save the sight of people with glaucoma. And in a special report, Dr Javid Abdelmoneim investigates what’s really in the cannabis-based health products you can buy over the counter.

Episode 03

Can you eat yourself happy? Michael Mosley tests whether our diet can affect our mental health. Guddi Singh finds out the best way to calm a crying baby. Alain Gregoire uncovers the future tech that could tell us if we are developing dementia.

Zoe Williams reveals a new treatment for psoriasis – a skin condition that affects over a million of us. And Michael tests how best to keep your dishes bug-free when you do the washing up.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Incredible Medicine: Dr Weston’s CasebookMedical MavericksThe Brain, a Secret HistoryBlood and Guts: A History of SurgeryShould I Eat Meat?The Truth About Fat

BBC Two - Trust Me, I'm a Doctor - Episode guide

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2017-10-15 00:57:48

Blood and Guts: A History of Surgery

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YEAR: 2009 | LENGTH: 5 parts (60 minutes each) | SOURCE: BBC

description:

Documentary series looking at the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery.

episodes:

01. Into the Brain

Documentary series looking at the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery begins with the area of the body where it has been most frightening – the brain.

Just over 100 years ago, cutting into the brain was a terrifying prospect for both patient and surgeon. They could expect the result to be the surgeon bloodied and defeated, and the patient dead. From freak accidents involving crowbars through the skull to notorious lobotomies with icepicks, this programme reveals how, through mishap and misadventure, brain surgery has become the life-saving discipline it is today.

02. Bleeding Hearts

Series about the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery continues with a look at the development of heart surgery, which produced some extremely reckless experiments.

With a family history of heart problems, presenter Michael Mosley takes a personal interest in these pioneers, who teetered on the scalpel-edge between saviour and executioner. Michael has a go at heart surgery, meets a man with no heartbeat and witnesses an operation where the patient is cooled until their brain stops and has all of their blood sucked out.

03. Spare Parts

Documentary series about the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery continues with a look at the development of transplant surgery, from a Nazi sympathiser to the latest miraculous life- and limb-saving operations.

These days, transplant surgery saves thousands of lives every year and almost everything, from heart to eyes, can be replaced. But in the beginning, transplants killed rather than cured, because surgeons didn’t understand that they were taking on one of the most efficient killing systems we know of – the human immune system.

04. Fixing Faces

Documentary series about the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery continues with a look at the development of plastic surgery.

Thought of as a modern phenomenon, it actually started over 400 years ago with a spate of botched nose jobs. Since then, surgeons have been entranced with the idea that not only could they fix the body, but could even fix our sense of self-esteem.

Presenter Michael Mosley undergoes both 16th-century bondage and 21st-century botox in his journey of discovery.

05. Bloody Beginnings

Documentary series about the brutal, bloody and dangerous history of surgery looks at how surgery dragged itself kicking and screaming out of the dark ages, transforming itself from butchery into a science.

Presenter Michael Mosley finds out how the early days of surgery were dark and barbaric, when the surgeon’s knife was more likely to kill you than save you, and invasive medicine generally meant being bloodlet by leeches to within an inch of your life.

SIMILAR TITLES:

Trust Me I’m a DoctorThe Brain, a Secret HistoryMedical MavericksHow to Avoid Mistakes in SurgeryMend Me: A Horizon Guide to TransplantsThe Placebo Experiment: Can My Brain Cure My Body?